Cuban revolutionary totalitarianism proposes substitutes for God, the Messiah, faith, ideology and rituals.

A farmer I met had just left the Lutheran Church and joined a neo-pagan community. “Unlike Christianity, people here live in harmony with nature”, he told me. “Here, man is still man and woman - woman”.

Neo-paganist and humanist movements find their place as a reaction to Christianity. Migrants have changed the landscape of a country in which most are still registered as Lutherans.

Animists in various villages harass Christians who refuse to renounce their faith.

Modern Catholicism is “a synthesis of medieval essentialism and modern existentialism”, the Dutch philosopher and theologian Cornelius Van Til said.